(Note: this may/will be edited to update as needed)
Welcome to Dawntrail!
tl;dr
Linux: Get a Windows (preferably not Steam) license, and use XIVLauncher
macOS: Get a macOS license, and use XIV on Mac
Licenses
If you are already playing, please note that FFXIV requires a separate license for the client and expansion for each platform that you are using: Steam, Windows, macOS, PlayStation, and/or Xbox Series X/S. It is not possible to have both Steam and Windows licenses on one account at this time.
Tech issues
The "New Layout Launcher" is known not to work under Crossover. You will need the official Mac client or one of the third party clients to log in.
The official Mac client/license is the most compatible. The game will recognize the License being used and make adjustments to the System Configuration screen. The presets will be renamed appropriately, and some specific, non-essential graphics options (which may not work properly anyway) will be hidden.